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| Registros recuperados: 46 | |
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| Gatesoupe, Joel. |
| Formaldehyde was used to disinfect Artemia cysts and nauplii, while introducing two probiotics in the enrichment process: Bactocell (Pediococcus acidilactici) and Levucell (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The disinfectant was selected due to its potential compatibility with probiotics, since it was more effective against Gram-negative bacteria than against lactic acid bacteria and yeast. However, the presence of formaldehyde reduced the intake of P. acidilactici in Artemia. Consequently, the disinfection was stopped before Bactocell supplementation to the nauplii fed to pollack (Pollachius pollachius) larvae. The mean weight of pollack was higher with this probiotic treatment. Growth was even better with the combination of Levucell and Bactocell, but the yeast... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Drug resistance; Bacterial genotype; Disinfection; Probiotic; Artemia; Marine fish larvae. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-393.pdf |
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| Laxminarayan, Ramanan. |
| In the past, malaria control efforts in sub-Saharan Africa have relied on a combination of vector control and effective treatment using chloroquine. With increasing resistance to chloroquine, attention has now turned to alternative treatment strategies to replace this failing drug. Although there are strong theoretical arguments in favor of switching to more expensive artemisinin-based combination treatments (ACTs), the validity of these arguments in the face of financial constraints has not been previously analyzed. In this paper, we use a Bioeconomic model of malaria transmission and evolution of drug resistance to examine questions of optimal treatment strategy and coverage when drug resistance places an additional constraint on choices available to the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Malaria; Mathematical models; Drug resistance; Bioeconomics; Health Economics and Policy; I10; I19; C61. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10699 |
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| Machado,Elizabeth S.; Lambert,John S.; Afonso,Adriana O.; Cunha,Silvia M.; Oliveira,Ricardo H.; Tanuri,Amilcar; Sill,Anne M.; Soares,Marcelo A.. |
| Although mother-to-child HIV transmission prevention has slowed down pediatric HIV infection in developed countries, large numbers of infants still become infected in developing nations. Data on pediatric HIV infection is however largely scarce. In this study, we have overviewed clinical, laboratory and genotypic data from a large cohort of HIV-infected infants regularly followed at two pediatric HIV outpatient clinics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Children on antiretroviral therapy, as well as drug-naïve, newly diagnosed infants were analyzed. Prevalence of drug resistance mutations, as well as immunological and virological responses to therapy were evaluated. Additionally, HIV-1 subtype frequencies and their distribution over the course of the epidemic were... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Pediatric; Drug resistance; Clinical; Genotyping; Subtype. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652004000400008 |
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| Kiffer,Carlos; Hsiung,Andre; Oplustil,Carmen; Sampaio,Jorge; Sakagami,Elsa; Turner,Philip; Mendes,Caio. |
| Establish the susceptibility pattern of Gram-negative bacteria causing infections in ICU patients, MYSTIC Program Brazil 2003. Gram-negative bacteria (n = 1,550) causing nosocomial infections were collected at 20 Brazilian centers. The central laboratory confirmed the identification and performed the susceptibility tests by Etest methodology (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden) for meropenem, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefotaxime, piperacillin/tazobactam, gentamicin, and tobramycin. Interpretation criteria used were according to National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30.3%) was the most frequent isolate, followed by E. coli (18.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.9%), Acitenobacter baumannii (8.8%), and... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Drug resistance; Bacterial; Microbial sensitivity tests; Infection control; Carbapenems. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702005000300004 |
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| Mendes,Caio; Oplustil,Carmen; Sakagami,Elsa; Turner,Philip; Kiffer,Carlos. |
| OBJECTIVE: Establish the susceptibility pattern of Gram-negative bacteria causing infections in ICU patients, MYSTIC Program Brazil 2002. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Gram-negative bacteria (n = 503) causing nosocomial infections were collected at seven Brazilian centers. The central laboratory confirmed the identification and performed the susceptibility tests by E-test methodology (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden) for meropenem, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefotaxime, piperacillin/tazobactam, gentamicin, and tobramycin. Interpretation criteria used were according to National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). RESULTS: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (33%) was the most frequently isolated, followed by A. baumannii (17.1%), K. pneumoniae... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Drug resistance; Bacterial; Microbial sensitivity tests; Infection control; Carbapenems. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702005000100008 |
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| Araujo,Orlei Ribeiro de; Silva,Dafne Cardoso Bourguignon da; Diegues,Ana Regina; Arkader,Ronaldo; Cabral,Eloíza Aparecida Ferreira; Afonso,Marta Rodriguez; Louzada,Maria Eduarda; Albertoni,Andréa de Cássia Stéfano. |
| Antibiotic restriction can be useful in maintaining bacterial susceptibility. The objective of this study was verify if restriction of cefepime, the most frequently used cephalosporin in our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), would ameliorate broad-spectrum susceptibility of Gram-negative isolates. Nine hundred and ninety-five premature and term newborns were divided into 3 cohorts, according to the prevalence of cefepime use in the unit: Group 1 (n=396) comprised patients admitted from January 2002 to December 2003, period in which cefepime was the most used broad-spectrum antibiotic. Patients in Group 2 (n=349) were admitted when piperacillin/tazobactam replaced cefepime (January to December 2004) and in Group 3 (n=250) when cefepime was reintroduced... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Drug resistance; Infection control; Cefepime; Bacterial. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000200022 |
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| França,P.H.C.; Coelho,H.S.M.; Brandão,C.E.; Segadas,J.A.; Quintaes,R.F.; Carrilho,F.J.; Ono-Nita,S.; Mattos,A.A.; Tovo,C.; Gouvea,V.S.; Sablon,E.; Vanderborght,B.O.M.. |
| Given the loss of therapeutic efficacy associated with the development of resistance to lamivudine (LMV) and the availability of new alternative treatments for chronic hepatitis B patients, early detection of viral genotypic resistance could allow the clinician to consider therapy modification before viral breakthrough and biochemical relapse occur. To this end, 28 LMV-treated patients (44 ± 12 years; 24 men), on their first therapy schedule, were monitored monthly at four Brazilian centers for the emergence of drug resistance using the reverse hybridization-based INNO-LiPA HBV DR assay and occasionally sequencing (two cases). Positive viral responses (HBV DNA clearance) after 6, 12, and 18 months of therapy were achieved by 57, 68, and 53% of patients,... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis B; Antiviral therapy; Lamivudine; Drug resistance; YMDD variants; Hepatitis B virus. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007001200003 |
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| Sanchotene,Karine O.; von Groll,Andrea; Ramos,Daniela; Scholante,Ana B.; Honscha,Gunther; Valença,Mariana; Scaini,Carlos J.; Silva,Pedro E.A. da. |
| Tuberculosis remains as a serious infection disease of worldwide distribution, with high morbidity and mortality, mainly in low socio-economic condition countries. The state of emergency of tuberculosis caused by the resistant and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, became the main threat to the tuberculosis treatment and control programs. A fast detection method for the resistant strains will allow the implementation of an adequate treatment and contribute for controlling the dissemination of these resistant strains. This study evaluated the performance of the nitrate reductase assay in solid (NRA-LJ) and liquid (NRA-7H9) media, to determine the susceptibility to first line anti-tuberculosis drugs: isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RMP), ethambutol (EMB) and... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Nitrate reductase assay; Susceptibility tests; Drug resistance. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822008000100004 |
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| Katayama,M.L.H.; Brentani,H.; Abreu,A.P.S.; Barbosa,E.M.; Oliveira,C.T.; Góes,J.C.S.; Brentani,M.M.; Folgueira,M.A.A.K.. |
| In breast cancer patients submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (4 cycles of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, AC), expression of groups of three genes (gene trio signatures) could distinguish responsive from non-responsive tumors, as demonstrated by cDNA microarray profiling in a previous study by our group. In the current study, we determined if the expression of the same genes would retain the predictive strength, when analyzed by a more accessible technique (real-time RT-PCR). We evaluated 28 samples already analyzed by cDNA microarray, as a technical validation procedure, and 14 tumors, as an independent biological validation set. All patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (4 AC). Among five trio combinations previously identified, defined by nine... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other |
Palavras-chave: Breast neoplasms; Discriminant analysis; Doxorubicin; Drug resistance; Neoadjuvant therapy; Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2010001200012 |
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| Weber,F. T.; Dias,C.; Costa,M. da. |
| The antimicrobial susceptibility of 64 strains of S. pneumoniae obtained from three hospitals in Porto Alegre, Brazil, isolated between 2004 and 2005, was determined, using the agar-dilution method. The prevalence of resistant (intermediate and full resistance) strains to trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and ceftriaxone were 68%, 28%, 18%, 15%, 3%, and 1%, respectively. All strains were susceptible to vancomycin. Among 18 penicillin-resistant strains, 7 were resistant to at least two other antimicrobial drugs. All erythromycin-resistant strains, except one, contained the erm(B) and/or mef(A/E) genes, with a predominance of the former. The resistance rate to penicillin and erythromycin in Porto Alegre... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Streptococcus pneumoniae; Drug resistance; Erm(B); Mef(A/E). |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822010000100001 |
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| Mohamudha,Parveen R.; Harish,B.N.; Parija,S.C.. |
| AmpC β-lactamases are cephalosporinases that hydrolyze cephamycins as well as other extended-spectrum cephalosporins and are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Although reported with increasing frequency, the true rate of occurrence of AmpC β-lactamases in different organisms, including members of Enterobacteriaceae, remains unknown. The present study was designed to determine the occurrence of AmpC enzyme-harbouring Gram-negative clinical isolates in a tertiary care hospital in Pondicherry state, South India. A total of 235 Gram negative clinical isolates were tested for resistance to cefoxitin, third generation cephalosporin (3GC) antibiotics, ampicillin, amikacin, co-trimoxazole, gentamicin, meropenem and tetracycline by disc diffusion method.... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Gram negative organisms; Drug resistance; Three-dimensional technique; AmpC β-lactamases. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822010000300009 |
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| Registros recuperados: 46 | |
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